Today chemical activities inter a lot of toxic compounds into the environment. Aromatic compounds are a large category of these group. Phenol is one of most toxic aromatic compounds that inter into the environment by various way. Several methods introduced to invironmental cleanup but they are very expensive and make a lot of problems. Numerous microorganism has been identified that use phenol as a nutrient and they can eliminate this compound. In this research the genes which participate in phenol biodegradation, and the effect of several substantial factor such as carbon, nitrogen and temperature on phenol biodegradation are analyzed.