Nanotechnology has been applied in many applications including developing of biosensors in nano-scales to monitor and control of food material and processing. Nanobiosensors are designed by combining bio- and nano-technologies with electrical processing so that it reacts with one specific analyte, while using specific reactions with particulat analytes by applying microelectrods and photoelectron strength it offers an accurate analyzer tool in minimum sizes. These sensors are considered as beneficial devices in diagnosis and control of contaminants as well as detecting pathogenic bacteria in animals, plants, water, and food products. Using these sensors, it would be possible to detect low quantities of harmful chemical compounds, viruses and bacteria in agricultural and environmental systems with a tremendous evolution. In this paper, some applications of nanobiosensors in enhancing food security are being evaluated.