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Strategies of Reducing Cadmium Uptake and Accumulation in Rice Grain: A Review
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Sajjad Shaker-Kouhi *   , Mohammad Rabiee |
| Expert, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Rasht, Iran. |
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Abstract: (1024 Views) |
Cadmium (Cd) contamination in agricultural products, especially in rice, has become a global concern due to its health effects. Therefore, it is essential to develop methods for reducing cadmium accumulation in rice to maintain food safety. This article examines the effects of soil factors including redox potential, microbes, organic matter and soil pH on Cd uptake by rice plants, and presents the management practices and applicable perspectives for reducing Cd concentration in rice grains. Toxicity and Cd uptake in rice can be decreased by application of essential nutrients such as nitrogen, iron, zinc, selenium and calcium. In addition, inorganic (Lime) and organic (biochar, compost and manure) amendments have been applied in the soils to reduce Cd uptake in rice. Phytoremediation using hyperaccumulating plants can be used for the remediation of contaminated paddy soils with cadmium. Selection of low Cd accumulating rice cultivars, intercropping, crop rotation, water management and application of microbes are among the other agronomic practices successfully employed for reducing Cd concentration in rice grains. These management practices could enhance rice tolerance to Cd stress and reduce the transfer of Cd to the food chain. |
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| Keywords: Bioavailability, Cadmium, Heavy Metals, Rice, Soil Contamination. |
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Full-Text [PDF 1671 kb]
(109 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Review |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2024/05/1 | Accepted: 2024/06/26 | Published: 2024/06/30
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